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Objetivo de desarrollo sostenible: search.filters.ods.ODS 14: Vida submarina

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    Publicación
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142448
    Evaluating the effects of ocean warming and freshening on the physiological energetics and transcriptomic response of the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna
    2020-12-15
    Navarro, Jorge M.
    ;
    Detree, Camille
    ;
    Morley, Simon A.
    ;
    Cardenas, Leyla
    ;
    Ortiz, Alejandro
    ;
    Vargas-Chacoff, Luis
    ;
    Paschke, Kurt
    ;
    Gallardo Ojeda, Pablo Rodrigo
    ;
    Guillemin, Marie-Laure
    ;
    Gonzalez-Wevar, Claudio
    In the Southern Ocean, warming and freshening are expected to be prominent signals of climate change and the reduced ability of Antarctic marine organisms to cope with changing environmental conditions could challenge their future survival. The Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna is amacroinvertebrate of rocky ecosystems, which occurs in high densities in the shallow subtidal zone. Subtidal individuals were exposed to a combination of temperatures (1, 4, 8, 11, 14 degrees C) and salinities ( 20 and 30 psu) for a 60-day period. A drastic increment in mortality was observed with seawater warming, showing that N. concinna is highly stenothermal, with limited ability to survive at temperatures warmer than 4 degrees C, although there was some degree of acclimation at 4 degrees C and ambient salinity (30 psu). This study confirmed the stenohaline characteristic of this species, with mortality reaching 50% and lower scope for growth at low salinity (20 psu) even at the control temperature (1 degrees C). At the sub-cellular level, limpets' lowtolerance to out-of range salinity is illustrated by the activation of cell remodelling processes whereas the down-regulation of chaperones proteins and plasma membrane ATPase suggest that under the combination of warming and freshening N. concinna experiences a severe level of stress and devote much of its energy to somatic maintenance and survival. The drastic effect observed can be explained by its subtidal origin, an environmentwith more stable conditions. The surviving individuals at 1 degrees C and lowered salinity (20 psu) were either more tolerant or showing signs of acclimation after 60 days, but the combination of warming and freshening have a greater combined stress. Projections of climate change for end of the century for this part of the Antarctic can, therefore, result in a significant diminution of the subtidal population of N. concinna, affecting ecological interactions and diversity of the food web. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    Scopus© Citations 18  1
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    Publicación
    DOI 10.4067/s0718-686x2019000200007
    Distribución potencial de Sanionia spp. en dos momentos del Holoceno en península Fildes isla Rey Jorge Antártica
    2019-01-01
    Inti González
    ;
    Hebel Carreño, Ingrid Adela
    ;
    Ricardo Jaña
    Se genera el primer modelo de distribución potencial para los musgos Sanionia spp. en península Fildes, Shetland del Sur, Antártica, utilizando el algoritmo de máxima entropía (Maxent) para dos momentos del Holoceno. El modelo de distribución potencial de Sanionia spp. calibrado para el momento temporal presente (MDP S. Presente) se ejecuta para períodos de tiempo pasados 11 ka (MDP S. 11 ka) y 6 ka (MDP S. 6 ka). Conociendo que el nicho ecológico es un set de condiciones bióticas y abióticas en el cual la especie es capaz de mantenerse estable en tamaño poblacional, se utilizaron para la calibración del MDP S. Presente variables abióticas como la topografía y temperatura. Las variables topográficas son elevación, pendiente y exposición, construidas en base a un modelo de elevación digital del área libre de hielo de península Fildes. Para los MDP S. 11 ka y MDP S. 6 ka, se construyen las variables con los datos del modelo de elevación digital actual modificado según la reconstrucción de posición de la capa de hielo, el nivel del mar y valores de anomalías de temperatura obtenidos del testigo de hielo de la isla James Ross. El modelo de distribución potencial define que la probabilidad de presencia en península Fildes para el momento actual es de 29,5%, para el momento 6 ka la probabilidad de presencia es de 58,9% y para el momento 11 ka la probabilidad es de 69,9%. La probabilidad de presencia de Sanionia spp. en península Fildes ocurre con temperaturas entre los -2,4°C y los -3,0°C, alturas bajo los 130 m, pendientes bajo el 52% y exposiciones sur - este, sur- oeste y noroeste.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
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    Publicación
    DOI 10.4067/s0718-686x2019000200007
    Distribución potencial de Sanionia spp. en dos momentos del Holoceno en península Fildes isla Rey Jorge Antártica
    2019-01-01
    Inti González
    ;
    Hebel Carreño, Ingrid Adela
    ;
    Ricardo Jaña
    Se genera el primer modelo de distribución potencial para los musgos Sanionia spp. en península Fildes, Shetland del Sur, Antártica, utilizando el algoritmo de máxima entropía (Maxent) para dos momentos del Holoceno. El modelo de distribución potencial de Sanionia spp. calibrado para el momento temporal presente (MDP S. Presente) se ejecuta para períodos de tiempo pasados 11 ka (MDP S. 11 ka) y 6 ka (MDP S. 6 ka). Conociendo que el nicho ecológico es un set de condiciones bióticas y abióticas en el cual la especie es capaz de mantenerse estable en tamaño poblacional, se utilizaron para la calibración del MDP S. Presente variables abióticas como la topografía y temperatura. Las variables topográficas son elevación, pendiente y exposición, construidas en base a un modelo de elevación digital del área libre de hielo de península Fildes. Para los MDP S. 11 ka y MDP S. 6 ka, se construyen las variables con los datos del modelo de elevación digital actual modificado según la reconstrucción de posición de la capa de hielo, el nivel del mar y valores de anomalías de temperatura obtenidos del testigo de hielo de la isla James Ross. El modelo de distribución potencial define que la probabilidad de presencia en península Fildes para el momento actual es de 29,5%, para el momento 6 ka la probabilidad de presencia es de 58,9% y para el momento 11 ka la probabilidad es de 69,9%. La probabilidad de presencia de Sanionia spp. en península Fildes ocurre con temperaturas entre los -2,4°C y los -3,0°C, alturas bajo los 130 m, pendientes bajo el 52% y exposiciones sur - este, sur- oeste y noroeste.
      2
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    Publicación
    DOI 10.3389/fevo.2018.00152
    Genetic Structure and Gene Flow of Moss Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske in Maritime Antarctica and Southern-Patagonia
    2018-10-09
    Hebel Carreño, Ingrid Adela
    ;
    Ruedinger, Maria Carmen Dacasa
    ;
    Jana, Ricardo A.
    ;
    Bastias, Joaquin
    Bryophytes are a major component of vegetation in ice-free coastal regions of Antarctica. Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske is distributed from northern and central Maritime Antarctica to Marguerite Bay in the southern part of this biome where it occurs sparsely. Production of sporophytes is rare for S. uncinata in Antarctica, thus a high level of genetic uniformity among populations is expected (Lewis Smith, 1984). Several ice advances and retreats events in last thousands of years in Patagonia and Antarctica could have driven different processes of speciation at fine scale or triggered genetic differentiation among populations, leading to unique genetic populations. A few studies have analyzed the genetic structure of mosses in Antarctica, but none in Maritime Antarctica or in the nearby zones such as southern Patagonia. Based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and grouping analysis, we determined levels of intra/and inter-population genetic diversity of S. uncinata in sites of this region. The results revealed that gene diversity within populations was low and that populations did not have significant genetic differentiation. Also, no correlation was found between genetic variability and geographic distance (R-2 = 0.031). However, we distinguished two groups of populations. One of them clustered populations with low values of genetic diversity. The other one was made out of populations showing much higher genetic diversity. Cluster 1 was the most geographically widely distributed covering populations from northern part of southern Patagonia to southern part of studied populations in Maritime Antarctica. Cluster 2 had the highest level of polymorphism, but spatially is very restricted to four populations in the Maritime Antarctica and southern Patagonia. We found substructures in some populations of the Maritime Antarctica such as in the Coppermine, Byers and Suffield populations. The underlying causes of this subdivision could be the asexual reproduction and significant abiotic factor affecting the presence of this moss species, but also the autoecious condition of this species. The importance of results is the concept of genetic connectivity among bioregions of South Patagonia and Antarctica suggesting additionally this interaction may have occurred repeatedly after the LGM, resulting in the vegetation that grows in Antarctica today.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
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    Publicación
    DOI 10.3389/fevo.2018.00152
    Genetic Structure and Gene Flow of Moss Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske in Maritime Antarctica and Southern-Patagonia
    2018-10-09
    Hebel Carreño, Ingrid Adela
    ;
    Ruedinger, Maria Carmen Dacasa
    ;
    Jana, Ricardo A.
    ;
    Bastias, Joaquin
    Bryophytes are a major component of vegetation in ice-free coastal regions of Antarctica. Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske is distributed from northern and central Maritime Antarctica to Marguerite Bay in the southern part of this biome where it occurs sparsely. Production of sporophytes is rare for S. uncinata in Antarctica, thus a high level of genetic uniformity among populations is expected (Lewis Smith, 1984). Several ice advances and retreats events in last thousands of years in Patagonia and Antarctica could have driven different processes of speciation at fine scale or triggered genetic differentiation among populations, leading to unique genetic populations. A few studies have analyzed the genetic structure of mosses in Antarctica, but none in Maritime Antarctica or in the nearby zones such as southern Patagonia. Based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and grouping analysis, we determined levels of intra/and inter-population genetic diversity of S. uncinata in sites of this region. The results revealed that gene diversity within populations was low and that populations did not have significant genetic differentiation. Also, no correlation was found between genetic variability and geographic distance (R-2 = 0.031). However, we distinguished two groups of populations. One of them clustered populations with low values of genetic diversity. The other one was made out of populations showing much higher genetic diversity. Cluster 1 was the most geographically widely distributed covering populations from northern part of southern Patagonia to southern part of studied populations in Maritime Antarctica. Cluster 2 had the highest level of polymorphism, but spatially is very restricted to four populations in the Maritime Antarctica and southern Patagonia. We found substructures in some populations of the Maritime Antarctica such as in the Coppermine, Byers and Suffield populations. The underlying causes of this subdivision could be the asexual reproduction and significant abiotic factor affecting the presence of this moss species, but also the autoecious condition of this species. The importance of results is the concept of genetic connectivity among bioregions of South Patagonia and Antarctica suggesting additionally this interaction may have occurred repeatedly after the LGM, resulting in the vegetation that grows in Antarctica today.
    Scopus© Citations 11
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    Publicación
    DOI 10.4067/s0718-686x2019000300019
    Evaluación de los síntomas por déficit de macronutrientes en cinco especies de importancia agropecuaria de la región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena
    2019-12-1
    Carlo Gorziglia
    ;
    Yagello Díaz, Julio Alexei
    ;
    Radic Schilling, Sergio Javier
    Uno de los problemas agronómicos de la Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena es la deficiencia de macronutrientes en el suelo, ya sea por la naturaleza del suelo que puede ser pobre en el elemento en cuestión, o por no encontrarse disponible para la planta. Estas circunstancias afectan el correcto desarrollo de las especies que aquí se cultivan, es por eso que una herramienta importante para los agricultores es detectar en terreno cualquier posible anomalía nutricional mediante un diagnóstico visual temprano.
      2
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