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    Publicación
    DOI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2018.08.043
    Metal transfer modes in plasma Wire plus Arc additive manufacture
    2019-02
    ;
    Colegrove, Paul A.
    ;
    Williams, Stewart W.
    The stability of Plasma transferred arc Wire + Arc Additive Manufacture is critically dependent on the transfer mode of the wire into the melt pool which can either be in permanent contact (TM1), intermittent (TM2) or fleeting (TM3) and it's governed by the position of the wire. Analysis of the voltage waveforms in conjunction with video imaging was used to understand the preferred mode for process control and how these transfer modes are affected by convex and concave melt pools shapes. The study indicated that stable transfer can be more easily achieved with the convex weld pool, because it minimises the extent of the undesirable TM3 where droplet transfer occurs in an erratic fashion. Furthermore, even though the operational range of TM2 is limited, a control algorithm could be more easily developed for this transfer mode. Finally, video imaging showed how the melt pool oscillation interacts with droplet detachment under some operational conditions.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Publicación
    DOI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2018.08.043
    Metal transfer modes in plasma Wire plus Arc additive manufacture
    2019-02
    ;
    Colegrove, Paul A.
    ;
    Williams, Stewart W.
    The stability of Plasma transferred arc Wire + Arc Additive Manufacture is critically dependent on the transfer mode of the wire into the melt pool which can either be in permanent contact (TM1), intermittent (TM2) or fleeting (TM3) and it's governed by the position of the wire. Analysis of the voltage waveforms in conjunction with video imaging was used to understand the preferred mode for process control and how these transfer modes are affected by convex and concave melt pools shapes. The study indicated that stable transfer can be more easily achieved with the convex weld pool, because it minimises the extent of the undesirable TM3 where droplet transfer occurs in an erratic fashion. Furthermore, even though the operational range of TM2 is limited, a control algorithm could be more easily developed for this transfer mode. Finally, video imaging showed how the melt pool oscillation interacts with droplet detachment under some operational conditions.
    Scopus© Citations 66  1
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    Publicación
    DOI 10.1016/j.addma.2018.04.003
    Analytical process model for wire plus arc additive manufacturing
    2018-5
    ;
    Colegrove, Paul A.
    ;
    Martina, Filomeno
    ;
    Williams, Stewart W.
    An analytical process model for predicting the layer height and wall width from the process parameters was developed for wire + arc additive manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V, which includes inter-pass temperature and material properties. Capillarity theory predicted that cylindrical deposits were produced where the wall width was less than 12 mm (radius < 6 mm) due to the large value of the surface tension. Power was predicted with an accuracy of +/- 20% for a wide range of conditions for pulsed TIG and plasma deposition. Interesting differences in the power requirements were observed where a surface depression was produced with the plasma process due to differences in melting efficiency and/or convection effects. Finally, it was estimated the impact of controlling the workpiece temperature on the accuracy of the deposit geometry.
    Scopus© Citations 106  3