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DOI 10.3389/frobt.2023.1146018
Hand rehabilitation based on the RobHand exoskeleton in stroke patients: A case series study
2023-03-22
Barria, Patricio
;
Riquelme, Matias
;
Reppich, Hannah
;
Cisnal, Ana
;
Fraile, Juan-Carlos
;
Perez-Turiel, Javier
;
Sierra, David
;
Aguilar Cardenas, Rolando Nemecio
;
Andrade, Asterio
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
Introduction: The RobHand (Robot for Hand Rehabilitation) is a robotic neuromotor rehabilitation exoskeleton that assists in performing flexion and extension movements of the fingers. The present case study assesses changes in manual function and hand muscle strength of four selected stroke patients after completion of an established training program. In addition, safety and user satisfaction are also evaluated. Methods: The training program consisted of 16 sessions; two 60-minute training sessions per week for eight consecutive weeks. During each session, patients moved through six consecutive rehabilitation stages using the RobHand. Manual function assessments were applied before and after the training program and safety tests were carried out after each session. A user evaluation questionnaire was filled out after each patient completed the program. Results: The safety test showed the absence of significant adverse events, such as skin lesions or fatigue. An average score of 4 out of 5 was obtained on the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology 2.0 Scale. Users were very satisfied with the weight, comfort, and quality of professional services. A Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that there were not statistically significant changes in the manual function tests between the beginning and the end of the training program. Discussion: It can be concluded that the RobHand is a safe rehabilitation technology and users were satisfied with the system. No statistically significant differences in manual function were found. This could be due to the high influence of the stroke stage on motor recovery since the study was performed with chronic patients. Hence, future studies should evaluate the rehabilitation effectiveness of the repetitive use of the RobHand exoskeleton on subacute patients.
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DOI 10.3389/frobt.2023.1146018
Hand rehabilitation based on the RobHand exoskeleton in stroke patients: A case series study
2023-03-22
Barria, Patricio
;
Riquelme, Matias
;
Reppich, Hannah
;
Cisnal, Ana
;
Fraile, Juan-Carlos
;
Perez-Turiel, Javier
;
Sierra, David
;
Aguilar Cardenas, Rolando Nemecio
;
Andrade, Asterio
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
Introduction: The RobHand (Robot for Hand Rehabilitation) is a robotic neuromotor rehabilitation exoskeleton that assists in performing flexion and extension movements of the fingers. The present case study assesses changes in manual function and hand muscle strength of four selected stroke patients after completion of an established training program. In addition, safety and user satisfaction are also evaluated. Methods: The training program consisted of 16 sessions; two 60-minute training sessions per week for eight consecutive weeks. During each session, patients moved through six consecutive rehabilitation stages using the RobHand. Manual function assessments were applied before and after the training program and safety tests were carried out after each session. A user evaluation questionnaire was filled out after each patient completed the program. Results: The safety test showed the absence of significant adverse events, such as skin lesions or fatigue. An average score of 4 out of 5 was obtained on the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology 2.0 Scale. Users were very satisfied with the weight, comfort, and quality of professional services. A Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that there were not statistically significant changes in the manual function tests between the beginning and the end of the training program. Discussion: It can be concluded that the RobHand is a safe rehabilitation technology and users were satisfied with the system. No statistically significant differences in manual function were found. This could be due to the high influence of the stroke stage on motor recovery since the study was performed with chronic patients. Hence, future studies should evaluate the rehabilitation effectiveness of the repetitive use of the RobHand exoskeleton on subacute patients.
Scopus© Citations 18 2
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DOI 10.3390/ijerph20054456
Validity and Reliability of Short-Term Heart Rate Variability Parameters in Older People in Response to Physical Exercise
2023-03-01
Castillo-Aguilar, Matías
;
Mabe Castro, Matías
;
Mabe Castro, Diego
;
Valdés-Badilla, Pablo
;
Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomás
;
Guzmán-Muñoz, Eduardo
;
Lang, Morin
;
Niño Méndez, Oscar
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
Background: Currently, and to the best of our knowledge, there is no standardized protocol to measure the effect of low- to moderate-intensity physical exercise on autonomic modulation focused in older people. Aim: Validate a test–retest short-term exercise protocol for measuring the autonomic response through HRV in older people. Methods: A test–retest study design was used. The participants were selected through intentional non-probabilistic sampling. A total of 105 older people (male: 21.9%; female: 78.1%) were recruited from a local community. The assessment protocol evaluated HRV before and immediately after the 2-min step test. It was performed twice on the same day, considering a time of three chronological hours between the two measurements. Results: The posterior distribution of estimated responses in the Bayesian framework suggests moderate to strong evidence favoring a null effect between measurements. In addition, there was moderate to robust agreement between heart rate variability (HRV) indices and assessments, except for low frequency and very low frequency, which showed weak agreement. Conclusions: Our results provide moderate to strong evidence for using HRV to measure cardiac autonomic response to moderate exercise, suggesting that it is sufficiently reliable to show similar results to those shown in this test–retest protocol.
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DOI 10.3390/ijerph20054456
Validity and Reliability of Short-Term Heart Rate Variability Parameters in Older People in Response to Physical Exercise
2023-03-01
Castillo-Aguilar, Matías
;
Mabe Castro, Matías
;
Mabe Castro, Diego
;
Valdés-Badilla, Pablo
;
Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomás
;
Guzmán-Muñoz, Eduardo
;
Lang, Morin
;
Niño Méndez, Oscar
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
Background: Currently, and to the best of our knowledge, there is no standardized protocol to measure the effect of low- to moderate-intensity physical exercise on autonomic modulation focused in older people. Aim: Validate a test–retest short-term exercise protocol for measuring the autonomic response through HRV in older people. Methods: A test–retest study design was used. The participants were selected through intentional non-probabilistic sampling. A total of 105 older people (male: 21.9%; female: 78.1%) were recruited from a local community. The assessment protocol evaluated HRV before and immediately after the 2-min step test. It was performed twice on the same day, considering a time of three chronological hours between the two measurements. Results: The posterior distribution of estimated responses in the Bayesian framework suggests moderate to strong evidence favoring a null effect between measurements. In addition, there was moderate to robust agreement between heart rate variability (HRV) indices and assessments, except for low frequency and very low frequency, which showed weak agreement. Conclusions: Our results provide moderate to strong evidence for using HRV to measure cardiac autonomic response to moderate exercise, suggesting that it is sufficiently reliable to show similar results to those shown in this test–retest protocol.
Scopus© Citations 10 2
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DOI 10.3390/bs13010073
Anthropometric Profile and Physical Activity Level as Predictors of Postural Balance in Overweight and Obese Children
2023-01
Guzman-Munoz, Eduardo
;
Mendez-Rebolledo, Guillermo
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
;
Valdes-Badilla, Pablo
;
Monsalves-Alvarez, Matias
;
Delgado-Floody, Pedro
;
Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomas
Overweightness and obesity can negatively influence many activities, including postural balance and locomotion, increasing predisposition to injury and risk of falls due to limitations on the biomechanics of daily living. The present study aimed to determine the influence of the anthropometric profile and physical activity level (PAL) on the postural balance of overweight and obese children. The sample included 387 schoolchildren (216 boys and 171 girls). The variables of the anthropometric profile studied were body mass, biped height, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), summation of folds, body composition, and somatotype. PAL was measured using the PAQ-C questionnaire. Static and dynamic postural balance were measured through an open-eye (OE) and closed-eye (CE) posturographic test and the SEBTm, respectively. For static balance, the significant models were for mediolateral velocity (R-2 = 0.42 in OA; R-2 = 0.24 in OC), anteroposterior velocity (R-2 = 0.21 in OA; R-2 = 0.27 in OC), and mean velocity (R-2 = 0.27 in OA; R-2 = 0.46 in OC), where the predictors of low performance were younger age, male sex, overweight/obese nutritional status, greater thickness of skin folds, less tendency to mesomorphy, and greater fat mass. On the other hand, for dynamic postural balance, the significant models were observed in the previous direction (R-2 = 0.39), posteromedial (R-2 = 0.57), and posterolateral (R-2 = 0.56), where the variables that predict a low performance were low PAL, overweight/obese nutritional status, and high WHR. Overweight and obese children presented a deficit in static and dynamic postural balance, enhanced by variables such as gender, age, PAL, and anthropometric characteristics related to adiposity.
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DOI 10.3390/bs13010073
Anthropometric Profile and Physical Activity Level as Predictors of Postural Balance in Overweight and Obese Children
2023-01
Guzman-Munoz, Eduardo
;
Mendez-Rebolledo, Guillermo
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
;
Valdes-Badilla, Pablo
;
Monsalves-Alvarez, Matias
;
Delgado-Floody, Pedro
;
Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomas
Overweightness and obesity can negatively influence many activities, including postural balance and locomotion, increasing predisposition to injury and risk of falls due to limitations on the biomechanics of daily living. The present study aimed to determine the influence of the anthropometric profile and physical activity level (PAL) on the postural balance of overweight and obese children. The sample included 387 schoolchildren (216 boys and 171 girls). The variables of the anthropometric profile studied were body mass, biped height, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), summation of folds, body composition, and somatotype. PAL was measured using the PAQ-C questionnaire. Static and dynamic postural balance were measured through an open-eye (OE) and closed-eye (CE) posturographic test and the SEBTm, respectively. For static balance, the significant models were for mediolateral velocity (R-2 = 0.42 in OA; R-2 = 0.24 in OC), anteroposterior velocity (R-2 = 0.21 in OA; R-2 = 0.27 in OC), and mean velocity (R-2 = 0.27 in OA; R-2 = 0.46 in OC), where the predictors of low performance were younger age, male sex, overweight/obese nutritional status, greater thickness of skin folds, less tendency to mesomorphy, and greater fat mass. On the other hand, for dynamic postural balance, the significant models were observed in the previous direction (R-2 = 0.39), posteromedial (R-2 = 0.57), and posterolateral (R-2 = 0.56), where the variables that predict a low performance were low PAL, overweight/obese nutritional status, and high WHR. Overweight and obese children presented a deficit in static and dynamic postural balance, enhanced by variables such as gender, age, PAL, and anthropometric characteristics related to adiposity.
Scopus© Citations 25 1
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DOI 10.1186/s40659-022-00404-3
Inflammation context in Alzheimer's disease, a relationship intricate to define
2022-12-23
Novoa, Catalina
;
Salazar, Paulina
;
Cisternas, Pedro
;
Gherardelli, Camila
;
Vera-Salazar, Roberto
;
Zolezzi Moraga, Juan Manuel
;
Inestrosa, Nibaldo C.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (A beta) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates. Importantly, A beta and tau species are able to activate astrocytes and microglia, which release several proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), together with reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), triggering neuroinflammation. However, this inflammatory response has a dual function: it can play a protective role by increasing A beta degradation and clearance, but it can also contribute to A beta and tau overproduction and induce neurodegeneration and synaptic loss. Due to the significant role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of AD, several inflammatory mediators have been proposed as AD markers, such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, Iba-1, GFAP, NF-kappa B, TLR2, and MHCII. Importantly, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as NSAIDs has emerged as a potential treatment against AD. Moreover, diseases related to systemic or local inflammation, including infections, cerebrovascular accidents, and obesity, have been proposed as risk factors for the development of AD. In the following review, we focus on key inflammatory processes associated with AD pathogenesis.
Scopus© Citations 177 2
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DOI 10.46634/riics.139
Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en persona sana y físicamente activa. Reporte de un caso y actualización de los principales hallazgos
2022-12
Niño Méndez, Oscar Adolfo
;
Sierra Sampedro, Angie Carolina
;
Ceballos Bernal, Eduard Alonso
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
;
Rodríguez Mora, Jorge Leonardo
Resumen Introducción: No todas las personas expuestas al COVID-19 desarrollan una enfermedad respiratoria grave y el número de personas adultas jóvenes sin patologías previas, afectadas gravemente por el virus, viene en aumento. Se ha evidenciado un gran número de síntomas inespecíficos y complicaciones, posterior a la recuperación. Objetivo: Evaluar las repercusiones en un sujeto sano y físicamente activo que presentó complicaciones médicas graves y complicaciones posteriores al COVID-19. Reporte de caso: Hombre de 41 años de edad, físicamente activo y sin enfermedades conocidas, en quien se documenta infección por SARS-CoV2 con prueba PCR positiva. Requirió 22 días en UCI, 17 días en hospitalización general, 57 días de incapacidad y posterior a doce meses presenta pérdida evidente de peso y de memoria, dificultad para pensar y concentrarse, pérdida de masa muscular, compromiso de la función hepática, cansancio y fatiga, dolor muscular, problemas para dormir, cambios en el estado de ánimo y alteraciones del gusto. De acuerdo con los actuales hallazgos, la producción de un tipo de anticuerpo impide que el sistema inmune tenga una respuesta adecuada contra la enfermedad. Sumado a esto, se ha descrito una nueva puerta de entrada del virus en el organismo: la proteína neuropilina-1 (NRP1), además de la posible disminución del surfactante que permite la flexibilidad de los pulmones. Lo anterior podría dar respuestas a las complicaciones en personas sanas y físicamente activas posterior a la infección por COVID-19. Conclusiones: Entendiendo que el COVID-19 es una enfermedad reciente, aún hay mucha información por recolectar para así entender su comportamiento en el cuerpo humano. Sin embargo, las investigaciones van dando evidencia del porqué el COVID-19 puede generar graves complicaciones médicas en personas sanas y físicamente activas. Son necesarias más investigaciones con esta población, para así realizar planteamientos de manejo clínico acordes a la enfermedad y evitar desenlaces fatales.
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DOI 10.46634/riics.139
Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en persona sana y físicamente activa. Reporte de un caso y actualización de los principales hallazgos
2022-12
Niño Méndez, Oscar Adolfo
;
Sierra Sampedro, Angie Carolina
;
Ceballos Bernal, Eduard Alonso
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
;
Rodríguez Mora, Jorge Leonardo
Resumen Introducción: No todas las personas expuestas al COVID-19 desarrollan una enfermedad respiratoria grave y el número de personas adultas jóvenes sin patologías previas, afectadas gravemente por el virus, viene en aumento. Se ha evidenciado un gran número de síntomas inespecíficos y complicaciones, posterior a la recuperación. Objetivo: Evaluar las repercusiones en un sujeto sano y físicamente activo que presentó complicaciones médicas graves y complicaciones posteriores al COVID-19. Reporte de caso: Hombre de 41 años de edad, físicamente activo y sin enfermedades conocidas, en quien se documenta infección por SARS-CoV2 con prueba PCR positiva. Requirió 22 días en UCI, 17 días en hospitalización general, 57 días de incapacidad y posterior a doce meses presenta pérdida evidente de peso y de memoria, dificultad para pensar y concentrarse, pérdida de masa muscular, compromiso de la función hepática, cansancio y fatiga, dolor muscular, problemas para dormir, cambios en el estado de ánimo y alteraciones del gusto. De acuerdo con los actuales hallazgos, la producción de un tipo de anticuerpo impide que el sistema inmune tenga una respuesta adecuada contra la enfermedad. Sumado a esto, se ha descrito una nueva puerta de entrada del virus en el organismo: la proteína neuropilina-1 (NRP1), además de la posible disminución del surfactante que permite la flexibilidad de los pulmones. Lo anterior podría dar respuestas a las complicaciones en personas sanas y físicamente activas posterior a la infección por COVID-19. Conclusiones: Entendiendo que el COVID-19 es una enfermedad reciente, aún hay mucha información por recolectar para así entender su comportamiento en el cuerpo humano. Sin embargo, las investigaciones van dando evidencia del porqué el COVID-19 puede generar graves complicaciones médicas en personas sanas y físicamente activas. Son necesarias más investigaciones con esta población, para así realizar planteamientos de manejo clínico acordes a la enfermedad y evitar desenlaces fatales.
Scopus© Citations 1 3
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DOI 10.3390/ijerph192113799
Factors Associated with Poor Health-Related Quality of Life in Physically Active Older People
2022-11
Valdes-Badilla, Pablo
;
Alarcon-Rivera, Miguel
;
Hernandez-Martinez, Jordan
;
Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomas
;
Magnani Branco, Braulio Henrique
;
Nuñez Espinosa, Cristian Andrés
;
Guzman-Munoz, Eduardo
This study aimed to associate morphological variables and physical fitness with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in physically active older people. A cross-sectional study was carried out that evaluated 470 older people (89.57% female) with a mean age of 70.13 +/- 6.57 years, residing in two regions of Chile. Morphological variables (body weight, bipedal height, waist circumference, body mass index, and waist to height ratio), physical fitness through the Senior Fitness Test protocol, and HRQoL using the SF-36 questionnaire were obtained. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors between morphological variables and physical fitness associated with HRQoL. The main results indicated that overweight (OR = 1.52; p = 0.034), a waist circumference with risk (OR = 1.56; p = 0.021), poor performance in the back scratch tests (OR = 1.02; p = 0.008) and timed up-and-go (OR = 1.19; p = 0.040) increased the probability of having a low general HRQoL. Also, the low performance of chair stand and arm curl tests was associated with poor physical and social dimensions of HRQoL (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a low HRQoL in physically active older people is associated with both morphological and physical fitness factors.
Scopus© Citations 15 1

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